Moreover, the gig economy continues to expand, offering flexibility but also raising concerns about job security and benefits for workers in non-traditional employment settings. Social issues are increasingly influencing economic policies, as the focus on inequality and social justice takes center stage. The pandemic has illuminated existing disparities, prompting governments to implement measures aimed at economic inclusion. Policies targeting affordable housing, access to healthcare, and education are gaining traction as essential components of sustainable economic growth. Nations are recognizing that long-term stability hinges on addressing these social challenges, and as such, inclusive growth strategies are becoming integral to economic planning.

Additionally, demographic shifts, particularly aging populations in developed countries, are reshaping labor markets and social security systems.